Legal Regulations and Standards

1. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- Description: A regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy for all individuals within the European Union and the European Economic Area.
- Key Requirements:
  - Data must be processed lawfully, fairly, and transparently.
  - Data collection should be for specified, explicit, and legitimate purposes.
  - Data should be minimized to what is necessary.
  - Personal data should be kept accurate and up to date.
  - Individuals have the right to access and rectify their data.
2. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)
- Description: A set of security standards designed to ensure that all companies that accept, process, store or transmit credit card information maintain a secure environment.
- Key Requirements:
  - Maintain a secure network and systems.
  - Protect cardholder data.
  - Implement strong access control measures.
  - Regularly monitor and test networks.
  - Maintain an information security policy.
3. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
- Description: A U.S. law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information.
- Key Requirements:
  - Ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of all electronic protected health information.
  - Protect against any reasonably anticipated threats.
  - Ensure compliance by the workforce.
  - Limit uses and disclosures of personal health information.
4. ISO 27001 - Information Security Management
- Description: An international standard for managing information security.
- Key Requirements:
  - Establish an information security management system (ISMS).
  - Conduct risk assessments and implement appropriate security controls.
  - Monitor and review the ISMS regularly.
  - Implement continuous improvement practices.
5. California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
- Description: A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California, USA.
- Key Requirements:
  - Give consumers the right to know what personal data is being collected.
  - Allow consumers to access, delete, and opt-out of the sale of their data.
  - Provide transparency about data collection practices.